From invitations, trading cards and tickets, to pamphlets and zines, to bottle caps, cigarette cartons and candy wrappers—ephemera refers to any printed matter bearing text that is not a bound book. Ephemera are often transient everyday items produced for specific and time-delimited use. Often posted in public space, ephemera can be used for communication, outreach, and making emotional or spiritual connections. Art and activism have a shared history using ephemera to challenge or transgress dominant narratives and official histories (see Kerr).